Crop Production and Management - Class 8 Science - Chapter 1 - Notes, NCERT Solutions & Extra Questions
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Notes - Crop Production and Management | Class 8 NCERT | Science
Crop Production and Management - Comprehensive Class 8 Notes
Introduction
Crop production and its management are essential for sustaining the food supply. This guide provides a detailed overview of various agricultural practices, types of crops, and methodologies adopted for efficient crop production and management, tailored for Class 8 students.
Types of Crops
Kharif Crops
Kharif crops are sown during the rainy season, typically from June to September. Examples include paddy, maize, soyabean, groundnut, and cotton.
Rabi Crops
Rabi crops grow during the winter season, from October to March. Examples include wheat, gram, pea, mustard, and...
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Notes - Flashcards - Crop Production and Management | Class 8 NCERT | Science
Back Questions - Crop Production and Management | NCERT | Science | Class 8
Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____________.
(b) The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil
(c) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and _____________ from the soil are essential.
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called crop.
(b) The first step before growing crops is preparation of the soil
(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water and nutrients from the soil are essential.
Match items in column A with those in column B.
A | B |
---|---|
(i) Kharif crops | (a) Food for cattle |
(ii) Rabi crops | (b) Urea and superphosphate |
(iii) Chemical fertilisers | (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant waste |
(iv) Organic manure | (d) Wheat, gram, pea |
(e) Paddy and maize |
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Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
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Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil (b) Sowing (c) Weeding (d) Threshing
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Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
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What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
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If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss
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Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
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What are weeds? How can we control them?
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Arrange the following boxes in the proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
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Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from chaff
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What are the different tools used for farming, and what are their uses?
There are several different tools used for farming, each with its unique uses:
Sickle: This is traditionally used for cutting crops during harvesting.
Plough: Used for tilling the soil, turning it over, and enabling better absorption of nutrients and water.
Hoe: A simple tool that assists in removing weeds and moving soil.
Cultivator: A tractor-driven tool that efficiently tills the soil.
Seed Drill: It aids in uniform sowing of seeds at the right depth and distance.
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What is the process of harvesting and what happens post-harvesting?
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Clayey soil is useful for crops. Do you agree with this statement? Why is sandy soil not suitable?
Clayey soil is indeed beneficial for crops. This soil type is notable for its ability to retain water and moisture, making it exceptionally suitable for growing crops such as wheat and gram. Additionally, clayey soil is rich in humus, which provides an ideal environment for crop growth.
On the other hand, sandy soils are not ideal for most crops due to their high porosity and low water retention capacity. Plants need water for essential processes like photosynthesis. When planted in sandy soil, they may wilt and die due to inadequate water availability.
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Which of the following are fodder crops?
A) Hay
B) Rye
C) Wheat
D) Rice
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Which of the following is a method of waste disposal involving earthworms and redworms?
A. Pediculture
B. Vermicomposting
C. Sericulture
D. Pisciculture
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Which of the following is/are the contribution(s) of Ghiyas ud din Balban to the development of agriculture in the medieval period?
A. He sanctioned advance money to farmers for digging wells and facilitate irrigation.
B. Many canals were constructed to carry water from the river Yamuna.
C. He invented tools like the Persian wheel, lightweight ploughs, and sowing drill to increase agricultural produce.
D. He allotted the Doab region to farmers to increase cultivation in the empire.
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How does the type of cropping pattern practised by farmers impact the biodiversity of the area, and why is it important to maintain this biodiversity?
The type of cropping pattern practised by farmers significantly impacts the biodiversity of the area. Practices like monoculture, where the same crop is grown year after year, can lead to a decrease in biodiversity as it enables specific pests and diseases to become established. On the other hand, crop rotation and intercropping, which involve growing different types of crops in the same area, can help to improve biodiversity. These practices discourage pests and diseases and promote a diversity of organisms in the soil ecosystem. Maintaining biodiversity is crucial as it ensures long-term soil fertility, aids in pest and disease control, and contributes to an overall healthy ecosystem.
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