Constitutional Design - Class 9 Social Science - Chapter 2 - Notes, NCERT Solutions & Extra Questions
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Back Questions - Constitutional Design | Democratic Politics - I | Social Science | Class 9
Here are some false statements. Identify the mistake in each case and rewrite these correctly based on what you have read in this chapter.
a. Leaders of the freedom movement had an open mind about whether the country should be democratic or not after independence.
b. Members of the Constituent Assembly of India held the same views on all provisions of the Constitution.
c. A country that has a constitution must be a democracy.
d. Constitution cannot be amended because it is the supreme law of a country.
a. False Statement: Leaders of the freedom movement had an open mind about whether the country should be democratic or not after independence.
Correction: Leaders of the freedom movement were committed to a democratic framework for India; this was reflected in various resolutions and the principles they stood for during the freedom struggle.
b. False Statement: Members of the Constituent Assembly of India held the same views on all provisions of the Constitution.
Correction: Members of the Constituent Assembly had diverse opinions and debated extensively on various provisions of the Constitution, with numerous amendments considered before reaching consensus.
c. False Statement: A country that has a constitution must be a democracy.
Correction: Having a constitution does not necessarily make a country a democracy; constitutions exist in various forms of governance, and not all are democratic.
d. False Statement: Constitution cannot be amended because it is the supreme law of a country.
Correction: While the Constitution is the supreme law, it can be amended to reflect societal changes and updates, as demonstrated by the provision for constitutional amendments in the Indian Constitution.
Which of these was the most salient underlying conflict in the making of a democratic constitution in South Africa?
a. Between South Africa and its neighbours
b. Between men and women
c. Between the white majority and the black minority
d. Between the coloured minority and the black majority
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Sign up nowWhich of these is a provision that a democratic constitution does not have?
a. Powers of the head of the state
b. Name of the head of the state
c. Powers of the legislature
d. Name of the country
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Sign up nowMatch the following leaders with their roles in the making of the Constitution:
a. Motilal Nehru i President of the Constituent Assembly
b. B.R. Ambedkar ii Member of the Constituent Assembly
c. Rajendra Prasad iii Chairman of the Drafting Committee
d. Sarojini Naidu iv Prepared a Constitution for India in 1928
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Sign up nowRead again the extracts from Nehru's speech 'Tryst with Destiny' and answer the following:
a. Why did Nehru use the expression "not wholly or in full measure" in the first sentence?
b. What pledge did he want the makers of the Indian Constitution to take?
c. "The ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye". Who was he referring to?
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Sign up nowHere are some of the guiding values of the Constitution and their meaning. Rewrite them by matching them correctly.
a. Sovereign | i. Government will not favour any religion. |
b. Republic | ii. People have the supreme right to make decisions. |
c. Fraternity | iii. Head of the state is an elected person. |
d. Secular | iv. People should live like brothers and sisters. |
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Sign up nowHow did your school celebrate the Constitution Day on November 26th? Prepare a brief report.
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Sign up nowHere are different opinions about what made India a democracy. How much importance would you give to each of these factors?
a. Democracy in India is a gift of the British rulers. We received training to work with representative legislative institutions under the British rule.
b. Freedom Struggle challenged the colonial exploitation and denial of different freedoms to Indians. Free India could not be anything but democratic.
c. We were lucky to have leaders who had democratic convictions. The denial of democracy in several other newly independent countries shows the important role of these leaders.
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Sign up nowRead the following extract from a conduct book for 'married women', published in 1912. 'God has made the female species delicate and fragile both physically and emotionally, pitiably incapable of self-defence. They are destined thus by God to remain in male protection - of father, husband and son - all their lives. Women should, therefore, not despair, but feel obliged that they can dedicate themselves to the service of men'. Do you think the values expressed in this para reflected the values underlying our constitution? Or does this go against the constitutional values?
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Sign up nowRead the following statements about a constitution. Give reasons why each of these is true or not true.
a. The authority of the rules of the constitution is the same as that of any other law.
b. Constitution lays down how different organs of the government will be formed.
c. Rights of citizens and limits on the power of the government are laid down in the constitution.
d. A constitution is about institutions, not about values
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Sign up nowFollow the newspapers for any report on a discussion on any constitutional amendment or demand for any constitutional amendment. You could, for example, focus on the demand for constitutional amendment for reservation for women in legislatures. Was there a public debate? What reasons were put forward in favour of the amendment? How did different parties react to the constitutional amendment? Did the amendment take place?
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Ask Chatterbot AIExtra Questions - Constitutional Design | Democratic Politics - I | Social Science | Class 9
Below are some statements that contain inaccuracies. Identify the errors based on your understanding from the chapter and correct them.
a. The Constitution was created solely by the British and handed down to India upon independence.
b. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution cannot be used to evaluate the laws and policies made by the government.
c. All members of the Indian Constituent Assembly were elected through universal adult suffrage.
d. The South African constitution adopted all principles and institutional frameworks of the American constitution without any modifications.
a. The Constitution was not created by the British but was drafted by the Constituent Assembly of India, which consisted of elected representatives.
b. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is indeed used to evaluate the laws and policies made by the government as it reflects the fundamental values and guiding principles of the constitution.
c. Not all members of the Indian Constituent Assembly were elected through universal adult suffrage; they were elected by the members of the existing Provincial Legislatures.
d. The South African constitution did not adopt all principles of the American constitution directly. Instead, it was formulated based on a broad consensus and was influenced by multiple sources, keeping in mind South Africa's specific needs.
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Sign up nowReflect on the following scenario: "A corporate office decides to implement a new policy that for every managerial position, preference will be given to male employees on the assumption that they are more authoritative and can handle stressful situations better than female employees." How does this policy align with the principles and values enshrined in the Indian Constitution? Does it support the constitutional vision of equality and non-discrimination, or does it contradict it?
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Sign up nowWhy do we need a constitution in a country? Give at least two reasons supported by examples from the chapter.
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Sign up nowDiscuss the role of the Constituent Assembly in the making of the Indian Constitution. What principles guided their decisions?
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Sign up nowThe Lahore Congress Session was famous for:
A) Local self-government
B) Complete independence
C) Fundamental rights
D) Constitution assembly
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Ask Chatterbot AINotes - Constitutional Design | Class 9 Democratic Politics - I | Social Science
Comprehensive Class 9 Notes on Constitutional Design: Importance, Process, and Key Examples
Constitutional design plays a pivotal role in shaping democracies around the world. For Class 9 students, understanding this concept is crucial for grasping how governments function and how constitutions protect citizens' rights. This article delves into the significance, process, and key examples of constitutional design, focusing on South Africa and India.
Understanding Constitutional Design
What is Constitutional Design?
Constitutional design involves creating a framework of laws and principles that govern a country. This framework outlines the rights of citizens, the powers of the government, and the essential rules for political stability and justice.
Why is a Constitution Necessary in a Democracy?
A constitution is crucial in a democracy because it establishes the supremacy of law over the rulers and ensures that governance is conducted with transparency and accountability. It helps build trust among citizens and guides the long-term vision of a democratic society.
The Process of Creating a Constitution
Who Designs the Constitution?
Constitutions are typically designed by a constitutional assembly composed of elected representatives, legal experts, and stakeholders from various social groups.
Key Steps in the Constitutional Design Process
Public Consultations: Gather input from citizens about their needs and expectations.
Drafting: Formulate the basic principles and detailed articles.
Debates and Revisions: Conduct thorough discussions to refine the draft.
Ratification: Final approval through a vote by the assembly or public referendum.
Implementation: Enforce the constitution as the supreme law of the land.
Values Shaping Democratic Constitutions
Principles of Equality, Justice, and Freedom
Democratic constitutions are built on values such as equality, justice, and freedom. These principles ensure that all citizens have equal rights, the rule of law is upheld, and freedom of expression is protected.
The Role of the Preamble
The preamble serves as the introduction to the constitution, summarizing its core values and objectives. It reflects the aspirations of the people and provides a standard for evaluating laws and governmental actions.
Case Study: South Africa
The Democratic Constitution in South Africa
South Africa's transition from apartheid to democracy is a compelling example of constitutional design. The new constitution was a result of extensive negotiations between historical enemies, aiming to unite the country through democratic values, social justice, and human rights.
Nelson Mandela and the End of Apartheid
Nelson Mandela played a crucial role in South Africa's democratic transformation. His vision of a "rainbow nation" emphasized forgiveness and collaboration, leading to the creation of one of the world's most progressive constitutions.
Case Study: India
The Making of the Indian Constitution
India's constitution was framed under challenging circumstances, including the partition's aftermath and the integration of princely states. The Constituent Assembly, comprising 299 members, was instrumental in drafting the constitution.
Challenges and Key Features of the Indian Constitution
India faced numerous challenges in designing its constitution, such as ensuring social justice, preserving cultural diversity, and establishing a democratic framework. The constitution promotes universal adult franchise, right to freedom and equality, and protection of minority rights.
Important Debates and Resolutions
Key debates focused on federalism, fundamental rights, and the balance of power between the central and state governments. The resolution of these debates resulted in a robust framework that has guided India for over seven decades.
Comparing Constitutions
Similarities and Differences between Indian and South African Constitutions
Both the Indian and South African constitutions emphasize human rights, democracy, and equality. However, their historical contexts and specific provisions differ. The Indian constitution draws heavily from its colonial past and various global influences, while South Africa's constitution reflects the dire need to overcome racial oppression and promote social harmony.
Amendments and Flexibility
Importance of Constitutional Amendments
Constitutions must adapt to changing social, economic, and political conditions. Amendments allow for necessary updates, ensuring the constitution remains relevant and effective.
Procedures for Amending the Constitution
Amending a constitution typically requires a detailed procedure, involving proposals, debates, and approval by a significant majority. This ensures that amendments are thoughtful and reflect the will of the people.
Institutional Design
Procedures for Choosing Government Officials
Constitutions outline the process for electing public officials, ensuring fair representation and accountability.
Limits on Government Power
By defining the government's powers and the rights of citizens, constitutions prevent abuse of power and protect individual freedoms.
The Role of Constitutions in Society
Building Trust and Coordination
Constitutions foster trust among diverse groups, encouraging cooperation and peaceful coexistence.
Ensuring Rights and Responsibilities
They also delineate the rights and responsibilities of citizens and the state, ensuring a balanced and fair society.
Conclusion
Constitutional design is fundamental to the functioning of democracies. By understanding its principles, processes, and historical examples, Class 9 students can appreciate the importance of constitutions in promoting justice, equality, and freedom in their own and other countries. The study of constitutional design is not just about laws—it's about envisioning and building a better society for future generations.
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