Nelson Mandela - First Flight - Class 10 - CBSE English

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Back Exercises - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

There are nouns in the text (formation, government) which are formed from the corresponding verbs (form, govern) by suffixing -(at)ion or ment. There may be a change in the spelling of some verb – noun pairs: such as rebel,

rebellion; constitute, constitution.

1. Make a list of such pairs of nouns and verbs in the text.

Noun Verb

rebellion rebel

constitution constitute

formation form

government govern

evaluation evaluate

rejection reject

Read the paragraph below. Fill in the blanks with the noun forms of the verbs in brackets.

Martin Luther King’s (contribute) to our history as an outstanding leader began when he came to the (assist) of Rosa Parks, a seamstress who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. In those days American Blacks were confined to positions of second class citizenship by restrictive laws and customs. To break these laws would mean (subjugate) and  (humiliate) by the police and the legal system. Beatings,  (imprison) and sometimes death awaited those who defied the System. Martin Luther King’s tactics of protest involved non-violent  (resist) to racial injustice.

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Match the italicised phrases in Column A with the phrase nearest in meaning in Column B. (Hint: First look for the sentence in the text in which the phrase in Column A occurs.)

Column A

Column B

1. I was not unmindful of

the fact

(i) had not forgotten; was aware of the fact

(ii) was not careful about the fact

(iii) forgot or was not aware of the fact

2. when my comrades

and I were pushed to

our limits

(i) pushed by the guards to the wall

(ii) took more than our share of beatings

(iii) felt that we could not endure the suffering any longer

3. to reassure me and

keep me going

 (i) make me go on walking

(ii) help me continue to live in hope in this very difficult situation

(iii) make me remain without complaining

4. the basic and

honourable freedoms

of…earning my keep,…

(i) earning enough money to live on

(ii) keeping what I earned

(iii) getting a good salary

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Use the following phrases to complete the sentences given below.

(i) they can be taught to love.
(ii) I was born free.
(iii) but the triumph over it.
(iv) but he who conquers that fear.
(v) to create such heights of

character.

1. It requires such depths of oppression
2. Courage was not the absence of fear
3. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid
4. If people can learn to hate
5. I was not born with a hunger to be free.

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Nelson Mandela - Line by line explanation in Hindi | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

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Quiz - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

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Vocabulary - Flashcards - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

To be besieged by
to be surrounded by something or someone in a way that feels threatening or overwhelming.

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Back Questions - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

Why did such a large number of international leaders attend the inauguration? What did it signify the triumph of?

A large number of international leaders attended the inauguration because it was a historic event that marked the installation of South Africa's first democratic, non-racial government. 

It symbolized the end of apartheid, a system of racial domination that had been overturned forever and replaced by a government that recognized the rights and freedoms of all peoples, regardless of the colour of their skin. The day was a common victory for all those who had fought for justice, and it marked the beginning of a new era in South Africa's history.

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 What does Mandela mean when he says he is “simply the sum of all those African patriots” who had gone before him? 

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 Would you agree that the “depths of oppression” create “heights of character”? How does Mandela illustrate this? Can you add your own examples to this argument? 

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 How did Mandela’s understanding of freedom change with age and experience?

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How did Mandela’s ‘hunger for freedom’ change his life? 

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Extra Questions - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

Tenth May dawned bright and clear. For the past few days, I had been pleasantly besieged by dignitaries and world leaders who were coming to pay their respects before the inauguration. The inauguration would be the largest gathering ever of international leaders on South African soil. The ceremonies took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria. For decades this had been the seat of white supremacy, and now it was the site of a rainbow gathering of different colours and nations for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government. 

a. Who was coming and for what before the inauguration? 
b. What happened at the inauguration? 
c. Find the word that means the same as ‘commencement’ from the passage.

a. Dignitaries and world leaders were coming to pay their respects before the inauguration.
b. The installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government took place at the Union Buildings in Pretoria in a large gathering of international leaders.
c. "Inauguration" means the same as "commencement" in this passage.

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On that lovely autumn day, I was accompanied by my daughter Zenani. On the podium, Mr de Klerk was first sworn in as the second deputy president. Then Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as first deputy president. When it was my turn, I pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution and to devote myself to the well-being of the Republic and its people. 

a. Who accompanied Nelson Mandela to the podium, and for what? 
b. Who took the oath before Mandela, and for what? 
c. Find the same meaning word for ‘maintain.’

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What ideals does he set out for the future of South Africa?

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At was the ‘spectacular array’? what did it demonstrate?

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How did Nelson Mandela feel on the day of the inauguration?

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About the Author - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

The author of the given passages is Nelson Mandela (1918-2013), a South African anti-Apartheid revolutionary, politician, and Philanthropist who served as the President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first Black head of state and the first elected in a fully Representative democratic election .

Mandela spent 27 years in prison for his Activism against Apartheid , a system of Institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa until the early 1990s. During his imprisonment, Mandela became a symbol of the anti-Apartheid movement and gained international recognition. Upon his release, he continued to lead the movement for the Abolition of Apartheid and became an advocate for human rights and social justice.

Mandela's life and legacy have been widely celebrated and recognized for his dedication to the cause of freedom and democracy, his commitment to Reconciliation , and his unwavering belief in the power of forgiveness and Nonviolence . He received numerous awards and honours, including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. His Autobiography , "Long Walk to Freedom," is a classic of African literature and an inspiring account of his life and struggle.

Summary - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

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Background

Like India, Africa was also ruled by colonial powers . They had also fought for their freedom. Nelson Mandela was one such leader who had fought for the freedom of Africans. He had spent thirty years in prison during this fight. In 1994, when the first free elections were held then he became the first black president.

Present Moment

After the establishment of the first ................................

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Plot - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

The text consists of several excerpts from speeches and writings by Nelson Mandela, a prominent South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and politician. The first passage describes the difficulty of fulfilling obligations to both one's family and community.....

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Important Lines - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

  1. "No one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin, or his background, or his religion." - This line is important because it speaks to the idea that hatred and bigotry are learned behaviours rather than inherent to human nature. It suggests that through education and exposure, people can unlearn hate and prejudice and embrace love and acceptance instead.
  2. "Courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it." - This line is significant because it redefines courage in a way that emphasizes [resilience ] and perseverance ...

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Themes - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

Understanding Freedom

Mandela's childhood freedom and his realization of its illusion

His hunger for freedom as a young man

Injustice and Oppression

The curtailment of Mandela's

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Vocabulary - Nelson Mandela | First Flight | Class 10 Literature | CBSE English

  1. To be Besieged by : to be surrounded by something or someone in a way that feels threatening or overwhelming.
  2. Amphitheatre : a large outdoor venue with rising rows of seats surrounding a central stage, used for performances or public events.
  3. Confer : to have discussions with someone in order to make a decision or exchange ideas.
  4. We who are outlaws : people who are...

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