Answer Key and Solutions to Class 12 CBSE English Core Board Exam 2024

SECTION - A

(READING SKILLS)

1. Read the passage given below :

(1) What do we typically do when we find our children doing something we don't approve of ? We become reactive parents. Often, we pepper our reactions with lectures. When it doesn't work and predictably so; we end up screaming and dole out a punishment. And our children react with anger, resentment or 'can't-be-bothered' attitude.

(2) Buddhist Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh put it beautifully when he described how each child has both negative seeds- of anger, despair, hatred, fear and violence- and wholesome seeds- of love, happiness, compassion and forgiveness. According to him, what will blossom depends on the seeds we nurture.

(3) A parenting and educational approach that's gaining a large
following internationally, called the Nurtured Heart Approach (NHA) by Howard Glasser, is very much in keeping with this Zen approach. The three main aspects of this approach are :

• Refuse to energize negativity.

• Relentlessly energize their positives.

• Reset : Do not react negatively and stay calm when the child does something wrong.

Parents following this approach commit to not saying or doing anything that may fuel negativity in the child. But the parent has to make sure she/he does this very calmly, without any anger or resentment.

(4) While on a mission to cut the negative, the parent looks for every opportunity to energize the positive in the child. This is done through persistently appreciating the goodness in the child in the smallest of ways: You were really generous about sharing your pizza with your sister; I appreciate the hard work you have put in your project; It takes courage to stand up to a bully. If you observe, the appreciation is not about saying "excellent", "amazing" or "good", which is really an empty praise and does not speak much to the child. Qualifying a praise, on the other hand, gives the child direction and she/he begins to understand what qualities, values and strengths are appreciated. These are also necessary ingredients of life skills and success.

(5) This approach is not merely about noticing when the child is being good, it is about recognizing the child's worth at every step. It's about aligning his energy in believing that he has great qualities, which are being identified and validated by the parents at every step. He realizes that there is no point choosing negativity, as there are no pay-offs in it. So, start building your child's inner wealth - there is nothing to lose.

Answer the following questions, based on the given passage :

(i) Complete the following sentence with an appropriate word:

"- we end up screaming and dole out punishment."

In the above sentence, the author criticizes the approach of the parents.

Often

(ii) Explain in about 40 words, when and how do parents become reactive.

Parents become reactive when they discover their children engaging in behaviours they disapprove of. Their reaction often involves lectures, and if that doesn't work, they resort to shouting and punishing their children, eliciting feelings of anger or indifference from them.

(iii) In the line 'what will bloom will depend on the seeds we nurture' - what seeds does the author refer to ?
(A) Seasonal seeds
(B) Societal news
(C) Parental attitude
(D) Values and emotions

(D) Values and emotions

(iv) Explain in about 40 words why does NHA focus on reforming parents to reform children.

The Nurtured Heart Approach (NHA) focuses on reforming parents to reform children, as the mindset and actions of parents greatly influence their children's behaviour. By refusing to fuel negativity and emphasising their child's positives, parents can nurture their wholesome seeds and encourage positive behaviour. This redirects the child's energy away from negativity and towards their inherent good qualities.

(v) Share evidence from the text, in about 40 words, to support the view that parents appreciate the goodness of the child at every opportunity.

The passage states that parents following the Nurtured Heart Approach "look for every opportunity to energize the positive in the child". They give persistent appreciation even for smaller acts of goodness like sharing pizza, hard work in projects, and standing up to bullies.

(vi) In paragraph 5, in what way does 'This approach' differ from the earlier approach?

The 'This approach' referred to in paragraph 5, is not just about noticing when the child is being good, it's about recognising the child's worth at every step. It differs from the previous approach by going beyond reprimanding or praising for specific acts. Instead, it constantly validates the child's inherent qualities and strengths, which helps instill in the child a sense of self-worth and adheres them away from negativity.

(vii) Select the option that can be classified as qualifying a praise as explained in the passage :

(A) You can be more helpful.
(B) You demonstrated patience while teaching your junior.
(C) Use your skill to be an excellent sportsman.
(D) You have to be amazing in your work.

(B) You demonstrated patience while teaching your junior.

(viii) The phrase 'to cut the negative' in para 4 most nearly means :

(A) to reduce wasteful expenditure
(B) to stop criticizing
(C) to eliminate challenges
(D) to humiliate someone

(B) to stop criticizing

(ix) Read the five headlines (a) - (e) given below :

(a) New Age Parenting
(b) Children - A Rebellious Generation
(c) Channelizing Energy
(d) Teacher - A Nation Builder
(e) Skill Development - Careers Ahead

Identify the option that displays the headline/s that Does/Do not correspond with the occurrences in the text
(A) (a) and (e)
(B) (c) and (e)
(C) (b) only
(D) (a) and (c)

(B) (c) and (e)

2. Read the passage given below :

(1) We're all familiar with the usual reasons workers cite for wanting to stay away even after lockdowns have long ended: flexible schedules, not having to commute, and of course, increased productivity. However, productivity isn't the only reason people want to stay away from the office. We recently surveyed 1,000 remote workers to find out what's really keeping them tied to their work-from-home lives.

(2). The findings include : 72% want to be able to take a nap or exercise during the day. Nearly three out of four remote workers surveyed stated that the ability to take a nap or workout during the workday was one of the reasons they wanted to stay home. Though these activities may very well increase worker productivity, there's no doubt that a nap on the kitchen couch would be frowned upon in the office.

(3) 73% want to be able to watch TV while they work. Three out of four respondents again say that being able to entertain themselves with TV, podcasts, music, or other media is one of the reasons they want to keep their work-from-home lifestyle.

(4) 62% cite concerns about their appearance. Well over half of respondents stated that they are concerned about their co-workers seeing them in-person again after such a long time apart. Whether it's weight loss or gain, not having the right clothes, or another concern about appearance, most would rather not have to worry about the way they look to their co-workers outside a Zoom call.

(5) When asked to choose the reason that most affects their desire to keep working from home, predictable answers like caring for children and lack of a commute were still the most common number one reasons. 14% of respondents stated that working remotely was so important to them, that they would not go back to work in-person even if their employers required it.

Answer the following questions, based on the given passage :

(i) '.... these activities will increase productivity'. By 'productivity.' the author refers to

(A) products produced
(B) efficiency of the employee
(C) time spent by the employee
(D) number of activities

(B) efficiency of the employee

(ii) What change in the work place would bring those people back to office who want amusement?

(A) giving long breaks
(B) free coffee and tea
(C) building entertainment lounge
(D) spacious conference hall

(A) giving long breaks

(iii) As per the survey, why do health conscious people prefer to work from home?

Health conscious people prefer to work from home because it allows them to take a nap or exercise during the day. This flexibility to engage in such activities during the workday is not typically available in an office setting.

(iv) Complete the following sentence appropriately: The passage ends on a note that some people are resolved to continue working from home even if their employers require them to return to the office in-person.

(v) Explain one inference that can be drawn from para 1 about the reason for people's preference to work from home.

One inference that can be drawn from para 1 about the reason for people's preference to work from home is that it's not just about productivity, but also about the convenience and flexibility it provides. Factors such as not having to commute, being able to set a flexible schedule, and maintaining a work-life balance play a significant role in this preference.

(vi) State whether the statement given below is True or False :

The survey reveals that people deeply miss socializing in the work from home style.

False

(vii) Explain in your own words how appearance is one of the factors for people's preference for work from home.

The survey found that 62% of the respondents had concerns about their physical appearance, especially their colleagues seeing them in-person again after such a long time apart. The changes could be weight gain or loss, not having the appropriate clothing for office settings, or other concerns related to their physical appearance. Working from home eliminates the stress and anxiety of how they look to their co-workers outside of a virtual meeting, making it a preferred choice for many.

(viii) As per the survey, what top priorities of people prevent them from returning to the office?

Based on the survey, the top priorities that prevent people from returning to the office are caring for their children and lack of a commute. Additionally, other preferences like being able to nap or exercise, watch TV, and concerns about personal appearance in the office also factor into their preference for continuing to work from home.

SECTION - B

(CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS)

(Note : All details presented in the questions are imaginary and created for assessment purpose)

3. Attempt ANY ONE of the two, in about 50 words :

(a) P.S. Public School, Aram Nagar has opened a gym for the benefit of students. As Sports Captain, draft a notice informing students about the facilities available in the gym, timings and other details.

P.S. Public School, Aram Nagar

22 February, 2024 NOTICE

GYM FACILITIES NOW AVAILABLE

We are thrilled to announce that P.S. Public School Aram Nagar has opened its own gym! Our gym is fully equipped with the latest equipment to keep you fit and healthy. It's open from 7.30am-6.30pm on all school days. A qualified trainer will also be available for guidance. Come make the most of this healthful resource!

XYZ

- Sports Captain

OR

(b) The RWA of Ganga Society, Pushp Nagar has planned to start free yoga classes for its residents. You are Sharmila Tiwari, the President of RWA. Draft a notice informing residents about the proposal, timing, venue and other details.

Ganga Society, Pushp Nagar

22nd February, 2024 NOTICE

FREE YOGA CLASSES FOR RESIDENTS

Residents of Ganga Society, we're delighted to announce that free Yoga classes will commence soon! The sessions will be at the community center from 6.30 - 7.30 AM, Monday to Friday. Grab this opportunity for peace, health and wellness. For more info, please contact the RWA office.

Sharmila Tiwari

President, RWA

4. Attempt ANY ONE of the two in about 50 words :

(a) You are Mr. Srikanth Sharma. You have recently built a new house in the hills of Uttarakhand. Draft a letter inviting your brother and his family to spend a few days with you in your new home. Include relevant details.

A-124
Andheri West
Mumbai

22nd February, 2024

Dear Brother,

Hope you are well. I've recently built a new house in the hills of Uttarakhand, located at 124 Hilltop Heights. I invite you and your family to spend some days here. Enjoy the serene nature and the breathtaking views. Let me know a convenient time for you.

Yours lovingly,

Srikanth.

OR

(b) You are Mr. Shyam Sundar, Professor of Psychology. You are invited by S.K.M. College, Mahboob Nagar to be the keynote speaker at its Annual Conclave on 'Student Health - The Emotional impact of Social Media'. Draft a reply letter expressing your inability to accept the invitation and also cite a reason for refusal.

S.K.M. College
Mahboob Nagar
Uttar Pradesh

22nd February, 2024

Dear Principal,

I am sincerely honoured by the invitation to be the keynote speaker at the Annual Conclave on 'Student Health - The Emotional Impact of Social Media' arranged by S.K.M. College on 22 February 2024 at 5:00 pm. However, I regret to inform you that due to prior academic commitments, I will not be able to accept the invitation this year. I sincerely believe that the event will be a great success and hope to participate in the near future.

Best Regards,

Shyam Sundar

5. Attempt ANY ONE of the two, in 120-150 words :

You are Sujata/Suresh, a qualified fashion designer. You came across the given advertisement in a newspaper and wish to apply for the position advertised. Write a letter of application along with bio-data for the same.

26, Green Avenue,
Rajouri Garden,
New Delhi

10 June 20XX

The Director,
Estella House of Fashion,
26, M.G. Road,
Kanthapuram.

Dear Sir/Madam,

I would like to elucidate my interest in the Apparel Designer position advertised in a recent edition of a reputed newspaper. With a comprehensive background in the field of Fashion Design, primarily focusing on creating aesthetic and up-to-date designs, I believe I would be an asset to your design team.

I have graduated in Fashion Design from the prestigious National Institute of Fashion Technology and have been working as a Fashion Designer for "Studio Threads" for the past two years. As a creative and passionate individual, I have quantitative knowledge of fabric drafting and am adept at applying the same, designing innovative styles that not only fit but are comfortable.

Enclosed is my detailed resume for your review. I am eager to bring my creativity, experience and passion to Estella House of Fashion. I am confident in my skills and believe that I could positively contribute to your team.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to speak with you more about my qualifications.

Yours sincerely,

Sujata

OR

(b) You are Jyoti/Jagan of Park Avenue, Karampur. You feel sad to notice that people litter the roads with utter disregard for sanitation and cleanliness. As a responsible citizen, write a letter to the editor of a national daily highlighting the need for educational institutions to instill civic responsibility among school children.

You may use the following cues along with your own ideas to compose this letter.

• cleanliness drive

• spreading awareness campaigns

• eco club activities in schools

• volunteer for cleanup

• workshops, seminars

Park Avenue
Karampur.

22 February,2024

The Editor
The Times of India
Bahadurshah Zafar Marg
New Delhi

Subject: Instilling Civic Responsibility among School Children for a Cleaner Society

Dear Editor,

I am Jyoti/Jagan, residing at Park Avenue, Karampur and wish to draw attention to the growing menace of littering in our locality. Despite several cleanliness drives undertaken by the government and local authorities, certain individuals continue to litter without any regard for sanitation and cleanliness.

It is quite unsettling to witness this appalling behaviour, reflecting a lack of civic responsibility. Educational Institutions play a pivotal role in moulding the character and behaviour of individuals. They can help by incorporating eco club activities in their curriculum, conducting workshops and seminars on the importance of cleanliness, and creating awareness campaigns that emphasize the harmful effects of littering. Schools can encourage students to volunteer for cleanup drives in their community and demonstrate responsibility.

Proper education and practice from early childhood can bring about a significant change in the mindset, inspiring children to live responsibly and respectfully. Let us strive together to create a cleaner, healthier and greener society for future generations.

Thank you for letting me express my views on this pressing issue through your esteemed publication. I hope it will catch the attention of the concerned authorities and inspire readers to make a change, starting with our youngsters.

Yours sincerely,

Jyoti/Jagan

6. Attempt ANY ONE of the two questions, in 120−150 words :

(a) With the advancement of science and technology, basic communication has adversely impacted the social skills of today's youth. You are Girish / Girija of class XII. Write an article for your school magazine highlighting the adverse effects of technology and the ways to enhance social skills among the younger generation to prevent social awkwardness.

You may use the following cues along with your own ideas to draft the article.

Impact

• decrease in face to face communication

• lack of engagement

• inability to converse and poor inter-personal skills Suggestions

• improve conversational and communication skills

• personal interaction, develop collaborative skills

• outdoor sports and activities

Suggestions

• improve conversational and communication skills

• personal interaction, develop collaborative skills

• outdoor sports and activities

Technology Vs Traditional Communication: The Youth Perspective

by Girish / Girija

The advent of technology, while it has undeniably made communication easier and faster, has unfortunately resulted in the dwindling of traditional interpersonal skills among today's youth. The frequency of face-to-face communication has seen a steady decline, with majority of conversations happening behind the screens rather than in person. This has resulted in serious implications like lack of real-time engagement, inability to converse, and poor development of interpersonal skills. Further, this shift has pushed the younger generation into a corner of social awkwardness where they feel more comfortable expressing themselves virtually than in person.

To combat this emerging crisis, active efforts must be undertaken to improve the conversational and communication skills of the younger generation. Encouraging personal interactions and cultivating a culture of collaborative teamwork can be an ideal start. This could be accomplished through activities that demand one-on-one interaction and require group collaboration.

Moreover, participation in outdoor sports and activities can also play a significant role in enhancing social skills. These activities necessitate regular interaction which can be the right step towards reducing dependence on the virtual world for communication. It's time for our society to take cognizance of the fact that while technology undoubtedly has its benefits, it shouldn't erase the essence of human interactions and dull our social skills. It's time we strike a balance and not let technology dictate our ability to communicate effectively.

(b) The members of your school Drama Club, recent. pu play at the Central Park of your city. The theme of the play was Education - An Equal Opportunity. As President of Drama Club, write a report on the event to be published in your school newsletter.

Use the following cues along with your own ideas to compose the report :

• date, venue, time

• no. of participants

• performance followed by interactive session with spectators

• star actors

• response

• people's feedback/response

Drama Club Impresses with Striking Education-themed Performance in Central Park

On the invigorating afternoon of 14th July, the members of our esteemed Drama Club engaged the park-goers with a stellar performance at Central Park. Scheduled at 5:00 PM, the play aimed to kindle the audience's attention to the theme of 'Education - An Equal Opportunity'.

The open-air stage glimmered with the energy of more than 30 student participants. The performance, stretching over an hour, seamlessly transitioned into an interactive session wherein our star actors connected directly with spectators. Exceptional performances were credited to club members – Jake Stevens and Ella Harper – whose enactment won an incessant applause.

The response was overwhelming, to say the least. Spectators were thoroughly moved by the powerful narrative and heartfelt performances. People praised not just the skillful acting, but also the thought-provoking theme and the club's initiative to address vital societal issues. Many shared their delight and awe, and wished to see more such performances from our club.

In conclusion, the play was a box-office-hit, leaving a lasting impact on the audience's hearts and minds, and setting a high bar for future school productions.

Byline: [Your Name], President of School Drama Club.

SECTION – C

LITERATURE (40 Marks)

(TEXT BOOK AND SUPPLEMENTARY READING TEXT)

7. Attempt ANY ONE of the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow :

(a) The little old house was out with a little new shed
in front at the edge of the road where the traffic sped.
A road side stand that too pathetically pled
It would not be fair to say for a dole of bread.
But for some of the money, the cash, whose flow supports
The flower of cities from sinking and withering faint. (A Roadside Stand)

(i) Which of the following expressions has the same literary device as used in 'A roadside stand that too pathetically pled."
(A) All the world's a stage
(B) I wandered lonely, as a cloud.
(c) The brutal wind bullied the tree
(d) And life is too much like a pathless wood.

(C) The brutal wind bullied the tree

(ii) Select the option that aptly conveys the poet's point of view with reference to the above extract :
The roadside stand is put up with the purpose to
(A) display fruits
(B) to stop the traffic
(C) to do business
(D) to interact with city people

(C) to do business

(iii) What do you infer about the people, who put up the roadside stand from the phrase 'would not be fair to say for-a dole of bread' ?

The phrase 'would not be fair to say for a dole of bread' implies that people who put up this roadside stand are not begging but are trying to earn money / a living through fair means.

(iv) Complete the following sentence with reference to the extract. The word 'pathetically'  reflects the condition of the roadside stand.

The word 'pathetically' reflects the desperate and sad state of the roadside stand.

(v)  State whether the following statement is True or False :

False. 'Flower of Cities' metaphorically refers to the affluent and prosperous cities, not literal gardens.

(vi) By 'Flower of Cities', the poet refers to the garden in cities.

True. The term 'Flower of Cities' symbolizes the prosperity and richness of city life, not referring to an actual garden.

(vii) Based on the rhyme scheme, evident in lines 1-4, which word would rhyme with line 2 ?
            ___      ___      ____
            part     fled      seen

'fled' would rhyme with line 2. So, the rhyme scheme for these 4 lines is ABAB.

OR

(b) Aunt Jennifer's fingers fluttering through her wool
Find even the ivory needle hard to pull.
The massive weight of Uncle's wedding band
sits heavily upon Aunt Jennifer's hand when Aunt is dead,
her terrified hands will lie still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by,
The Tigers in the panel that she made will go on prancing, proud and unafraid. (Aunt Jennifer's Tigers)

(i) 'Sits heavily upon Aunt Jennifer's hand.' Through the above expression the poet indicates :
(A) Aunt Jennifer is happily married.
(B) Aunt Jennifer loves the tigers in the panel.
(C) Aunt Jennifer's unhappy married life.
(D) Aunt Jennifer's rich and luxurious life.

(ii) Select the option that has the same literary device as used in 'Still ringed with ordeals'.
(A) Leopards cannot hide in the jungle as they are spotted.
(B) Sun smiled happily on us.
(C) Her lovely voice was music to his ears.
(D) Life is like a box of chocolates.

(iii) Complete the following sentences with reference to the extract. The Tigers in the panel symbolize Aunt Jennifer's desire for freedom

(iv) State whether the statement given below is True or False :

"Find even the ivory needle hard to pull."

False

(v) Based on the rhyme scheme, evident in lines 1-2, which word would rhyme with line 1 ?

full sand bye

bye

(vi) The use of the word 'fluttering fingers' in the extract suggest that the fingers of Aunt Jennifer are trembling. This creates an image of nervousness and fear.

8. Attempt ANY ONE of the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow :

(a) I did not open my mouth to answer. Then the steps were quickened and the voices became excited. The sounds came nearer and nearer. Women and girls entered the room. I held my breath and watched them open closet doors and peep behind large trunks. Someone threw up the curtains, and the room was filled with sudden light What caused them to stoop and look under the bed. I do not know. I remember being dragged out, though I resisted by kicking and scratching wildly. In spite of myself, I was carried downstairs and tied fast in a chair. (Memories of Childhood)

(i) Select the appropriate option :

sounds came nearer and nearer

(A) describes the increase in volume.
(B) adds suspense and anxiety to readers.
(C) reflects the thought of the speaker.
(D) is a factual narrative.

(B) adds suspense and anxiety to readers.

(ii) Complete the following sentence :

'Inspite of myself' suggests that the speaker was unable to resist or control the situation, despite her desperate attempts.

(iii) What do you infer from the first day in school.

(A) It was her first day
(B) She did not want to get caught.
(C) She was unprepared for the lesson.
(D) She preferred to be by herself.

B. She did not want to get caught.

(iv) State whether the statement given below is True or False :

The speaker hoodwinked the people looking for her.

True - The speaker hid under the bed and did not respond to the calls, attempting to evade the people looking for her.

(b) Human civilisations have been around for a paltry 12,000 years barely a few seconds on the geological clock. In that short amount of time, we've managed to create quite a rukus, etching our dominance over nature with our villages, towns, cities, mega cities. The rapid increase of human populations has left us battling with other species for limited resources, and the unmitigated burning of fossil fuels has now created a blanket of carbon dioxide around the world, which is slowly but surely increasing the average global temperature. (Journey to the End of the Earth)

(i) According to the view expressed by the author in the above extract, increase in global temperature is due to
(A) mega cities
(B) human people
(C) burning of fossil fuels
(D) limited resources

(C) burning of fossil fuels

(ii) Complete the following sentence with reference to the extract: Humans are criticised by the author for their exploitation and misuse of natural resources, as well as their contribution to global warming.

(iii) According to the author, the relation between human population and resources is one of conflict and inequity, as the rapid increase in the human population results in a struggle for limited resources.

(iv) 'In that short amount of time, we've managed to create a ruckus'. By 'ruckus' the author refers to
(A) movement
(C) breach
(B) misunderstanding
(D) commotion

(D) commotion

9. Attempt ANY ONE of the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow :

(a) I heard M. Hamel say to me, "I won't scold you, little Franz : you must feel bad enough, see how it is ! ourselves. Bah! I've plenty of time is ! Everyday we have said to you see where we've come out ime I'll learn it tomorrow. And now there will have the right to say to you 'How. Now those fellows out language?' But, yet you can neither 'How is it; you pretend to be great deal to reproach are not the worst, poor nor write your own

(i) 'And now you see where with".

The tone of M. Hamel in we've come out.'

(A) kindness
(B) happiness
(C) regret
(D) enthusiasm

(ii) 'We've all a great deal to reproach ourselves with.'

Select the option, which conveys the meaning of 'reproach' as reflected in the above line.

(A) The player received a reprimand for breach of rules.
(B) The students approached the management with a demand for new canteen.
(C) The clerk received a letter of appreciation for his innovative ideas.
(D) She could not find a way to broach the subject with her boss.

(iii) State whether the following statement is true or false with reference to the extract.

M. Hamel endorses the belief that there is plenty of time to learn their language.

False.

(iv) Complete the sentence appropriately.

'You must feel bad enough.' Through these words M. Hamel urges the people to take stock of the fact that they let the chance of learning their language slip away, and they might never get that opportunity again.

(v) Identify the line from the text that reinforces the theme of patriotism in the story.

The line that reinforces the theme of patriotism in the story is the line where M. Hamel wrote on the blackboard - “Vive La France!”. 'Vive La France' translates to 'Long live France', highlighting M. Hamel's patriotism towards his country, France, even in such a dire situation where French language had been prohibited in Alsace and Lorraine.

(vi) She puts off learning till tomorrow. The phrase 'puts off' suggests

The phrase 'puts off' suggests procrastination. In the context of the story "The Last Lesson" by Alphonse Daudet, it implies that the folks kept postponing their language classes and studies.

OR

(b) They thought he would demand repayment in full of the money which they had illegally and deceitfully extorted from the sharecroppers asked only 50 percent. "There he seemed adamant", writes Reverend J.Z. Hodge, a British missionary in Champaran, who observed the entire episode at close range. "Thinking probably that he would not give way, the representatives of the planters offered to refund to the extent of 25 percent, and to his amazement Mr. Gandhi took him at his words thus breaking the deadlock (Indigo)

(i) Choose the correct option 'Then he seemed adamant,' reflects Gandhi's trait of being
(A) arrogant
(B) uncompromising
(C) argumentative
(D) courageous

(ii) deceitfully extorted from the sharecroppers.

The status of sharecroppers as inferred from the above line is
(A) law abiding citizens
(B) followers of Gandhi
(C) victims of exploitation
(D) contract labourers

(iii) Complete the following sentence :

Gandhi surprised them by accepting their offer to refund 25 percent to the farmers. Initially, Gandhi had asked for a 50 percent refund, but when the representatives of the planters offered a 25 percent refund, thinking Gandhi would not accept it, he took them at their word, thus breaking the deadlock. This was surprising because they had expected him to demand a full refund of the extorted money.

(iv) The inference that can be drawn from the line "Mr. Gandhi took him at his word" is

The inference that can be drawn from the line "Mr. Gandhi took him at his word" is that Gandhi believed in honesty and trust. When the British planters proposed to refund 25% of the extorted money to the sharecroppers, Gandhi decided to trust them, even though the offered amount was less than he initially demanded (50% refund). This signifies Gandhi's faith in the good intentions of others, his pragmatism, and his willingness to reach compromise for the betterment of the peasants.

(v) 'Deadlock' in the last line means

The term 'deadlock' in the last line refers to a situation where progress or decision-making is impossible, typically because of disagreement; a stalemate. In this context, the deadlock was the dispute over the amount the British planters would refund to the sharecroppers for the money they had extorted; Gandhi initially demanded a 50% refund, but the planters didn't agree to that amount. The deadlock was broken when Gandhi unexpectedly accepted the planters' proposed 25% refund.

(vi) What do we infer about the attitude of planters towards sharecroppers?

From the provided text, we can infer that the planters had an exploitative and unjust attitude towards the sharecroppers. They owned most of the cultivable land in the Champaran district and forced the Indian tenants to plant a portion of their land with indigo, a chief commercial crop, and surrender the entire harvest as rent. Additionally, when synthetic indigo was developed and the landlords decided to release the peasants from the arrangement, they deceitfully obtained agreements from the sharecroppers to pay compensation.

10. Answer ANY FIVE of the following six questions in 40-50 words each :

(i) When I sense a flash of it in Mukesh, I am cheered. How is Mukesh's attitude of life different from that of his family and friends (Lost Spring)

Mukesh's attitude towards life stands out as distinctly hopeful and courageous in comparison to his family and friends. Unlike the people around him, Mukesh dares to dream beyond the confining boundaries of his existing circumstances. While the rest of them have accepted their fate in the vicious circle of poverty, he aspires to break free and become his own master by learning a new skill and becoming a motor mechanic, which does not involve their traditional profession of bangle-making.

(ii) "I was frightened, but not yet frightened out of my wits." Says Douglas. Which qualities of the speaker are highlighted in the above statement? (Deep Water)

The statement reflects the speaker's courage and resilient spirit. Even though he was frightened, he didn't lose his senses or become nonfunctional. It shows his determination to face the challenge and find a way out of the difficult situation. This highlights his ability to maintain composure and resilience even in daunting situations.

(iii) 'See you soon Amma.' How are these words contrary to the speaker's emotions? (My Mother at Sixty-six)

The words 'See you soon, Amma' are ironically contrary to the speaker's internal emotions. Although she is dealing with the fear of her mother's impending mortality, evident in descriptions like "ashen face" and "late winter's moon", she masks her fear and concern with a cheerful farewell and frequent smiles.

(iv) 'And such too is the grandeur of the dooms; we have imagined for the mighty dead.' Explain the inference you can draw from the phrase 'mighty dead'. (A Thing of Beauty)

The phrase 'mighty dead' in 'A Thing of Beauty' by John Keats refers to the illustrious and magnificent personalities or heroes who have passed away but left a profound impact. Their conceptions, philosophies or work continue to stir imaginations, contribute to the world's beauty and inspire generations, hence they are regarded as 'mighty'.

(v) What evidence from the text reveals that Rudyard Kipling did not walk the talk? (The Interview)

Rudyard Kipling exhibited a strong disdain for interviews, terming them as "immoral" and equivalent to "an offence against [his] person". Yet this seems contradictory, given that he himself had previously conducted an 'assault' or interview on Mark Twain, implying that he didn't follow his own principles.

(vi) 'Soaf, you really should be sensible !' What does Jansie's advice to her friend Sophie reveal about their friendship ? (Going Places)

Jansie's advice to Sophie reflects her concern and practicality. She acts as a voice of reason to Sophie's grandiose dreams, bringing her back to reality. Jansie, acknowledging their predetermined future at the biscuit factory, wishes Sophie would stop daydreaming about unlikely ambitions.

11. Answer ANY TWO of the following three questions, in 40-50 words each :

(i) How can you say 'Students on Ice Programme' was a step towards the future? (Journey to the End of the Earth)

The "Students on Ice Programme" is a forward-thinking initiative that educates high school students about the importance of environmental preservation, especially in the context of Antarctica's unique ecosystem. It offers future policy-makers essential knowledge and experiences to tackle climate change, thus serving as a key step towards addressing our planet's future challenges.

(ii) Louisa behaves like a perfect wife. Give evidence from The Third Level in support of the above statement.

Louisa expresses worry for Charley's distress about the "third level," and asks him to stop searching for it, showing concern for his well-being. When Charley finds proof of the third level in Sam's letter, she joins him in the search, showing her support and willingness to believe in his experiences.

(iii) What was the servants' reaction to Sadao's decision of treating the (The Enemy)

The servants were deeply troubled by Dr. Sadao's decision to treat the American soldier, viewing it as unpatriotic and a betrayal of their country. They believed that aiding the enemy could endanger not only themselves but also Sadao's family. Their discomfort escalated to the point where they ultimately decided to leave Sadao's household altogether, reflecting their strong stance against his actions.

12. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions in 120-150 words:

(a) After reading 'Aunt Jennifer's Tiger' and 'Going Places', you realise that Aunt Jennifer and Sophie's mother have been subdued by their respective husbands.

As a social activist you have to write an article to a newspaper on the need to empower women.

You may begin like this.

Empowerment of women is a very essential social reform. It needs to be accelerated for any nation to progress

"Breaking Chains: The Urgent Call for Women's Empowerment"

The two heart-rending tales, 'Aunt Jennifer's Tiger' and 'Going Places', exhibit a common theme illustrating the subdued lives of women bent under the pressure of authoritative male hierarchy. Aunt Jennifer and Sophie's mother, although from different walks of life, share a compelling similarity - the cruel suppression of their dreams and desires by their respective spouses. This stark portrayal of the disempowerment of women is not merely confined to the realm of literature but echoes in societies worldwide, emphasizing the dire need for women's empowerment. Women's empowerment must not be viewed as a mere term but should be initiated, understood, and encouraged at every echelon of society. As a crucial prerequisite for a progressive nation, the strengthening of women's rights and opportunities is an urgent necessity. It’s high time we unshackle the chains of societal norms and stereotypes, allowing women to breathe freely in their skin and fostering a society where dreams know no gender.

OR

(b) 'A Roadside Stand' and 'Lost Spring' depict two contrasting worlds existing in society.

Justify this statement with reference to the poem 'A Roadside, Stand' and the text 'The Lost Spring'.

You may begin.

social satire in the two texts portrays two contrasting worlds that exist in society.

In 'A Roadside Stand', the poet Robert Frost gives us an insight into the lives of people living in the countryside who depend on the sales from their roadside stand for survival. But they often face disappointment due to the apathy of the city-dwellers who bypass their stand without stopping. Their desire to expand their lives and fulfil their dreams is quashed by their actual living conditions. Frost poignantly illustrates the widening gap between the rural and urban world with their vastly differing aspirations and lifestyles.

On the other hand, ‘Lost Spring’ by Anees Jung explores poverty and the impacts of societal traditions on the future of children in the slums of Delhi and Firozabad. Children like Saheb and Mukesh are entangled in the vicious cycle of poverty and lack of education. Their dreams are either crushed under the weight of their circumstances or remain unfulfilled because of social constraints. However, their spirit remains unbroken, leading them to dream of a better future despite their unfortunate circumstances.

While Frost's poem depicts the conflict between the simplicity of rural life and the complexity of urban life, 'Lost Spring' paints a heartbreaking picture of child labour and poverty in urban slums. Both texts effectively portray starkly contrasting worlds existing side by side, bringing the social and economic disparity in society to light.

13. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions, in 120-150 words :

(a) Mr. Lamb : Lord, boy, you've got two arms, two legs and eyes and ears

You could get on better than all the rest. Optimism is the best tool to face challenges in life.

Imagine you are Mr. Lamb. You want to give a motivational speech to a group of differently abled students urging them to be positive in their approach to life. Write the speech on behalf of Mr. Lamb.

You may begin like this.

Hello ! Dear Students ! Believe in yourself. Nothing is impossible

Hello! Dear students! Believe in yourself, as nothing is indeed impossible. Life may wear different masks and throw numerous challenges at us, but remember, it's also full of endless possibilities. Each of us is unique, exclusive, proficient and innovative in our own ways. Our challenges should not define us, but the manner in which we deal with them should.

Look at me, I have a tin leg. Yet, I have my own beautiful world, my garden. It is different yet complete, just like each one of us. Do not let the world define your capabilities, instead show the world what you are capable of.

Have faith, strive harder, dream bigger and build a world of your own where you are the finest version of yourself. Remember, in everyone's life story, you are the hero. So, wear your cape of self-belief and soar high. For only the sky is your limit. Life will always be beautiful, it just depends on our perspective of looking at things. 

Thank you.

..... OR

(b) "Tiger population became extinct in the forests of Pratibandapuram." Tiger King is a typical example of man's dominance over nature. As a member of your school Eco Club, write an article for your school magazine on how man should follow the policy of 'Live and Let Live'. You may begin like this. The noblest principle, man should follow in his life is co-existence.
(The Tiger King)

Co-existence: Live and Let Live

Our world is a beautifully grand and diverse place resided by numerous species of flora and fauna. And yet, man, often led by ambitions, forgets the fundamental law of nature: co-existence. The Tiger King's story serves as a prime example of the perils of breaching this inherent principle.

Our actions, like Maharaja's relentless hunting, can inflict irreversible damage on the ecosystem. The specialist term for such violation is biodiversity loss, which encompasses not just the extinction of certain species but also disturbance in the equilibrium of life forms.

We must redefine our relationship with the natural world by learning to share our spaces and resources. Empathy, understanding, and respect are crucial for a harmonious relationship with nature and other species. Education about wildlife conservation forms a major pillar in this endeavour. As a part of the Eco Club, I implore my peers to extend compassion beyond humans and to all living creatures.

To summarise, it is vitally important for humans to practice the maxim of '*Live and Let Live'. A collective effort aimed at preserving nature and its inhabitants instead of dominating them can lead to mutual growth and survival, which the story of the *Tiger King sadly lacked. Man must learn from his past mistakes to ensure a better future for all of Earth's inhabitants.